Today’s IRIA Outreach Programme was an academic feast.

Today’s IRIA Outreach Programme was an academic feast.

A special thanks to Rajendran sir for his vision and determination, Vijayan sir and Rajesh sir for their ever-present encouragement and to the organisers of the event from Calicut Medical College, ably led by Rahul and Noufal.

We honestly hope that there will be more such programmes in the future. Well done.

AUG 2019 MONTHLY MEETING

Date: August 27TH,2019
Venue: IMA House, Conference Hall (3RD Floor), Cochin
Time: 7:30 pm to 9:30 pm

Programme 
Presidential Address: Dr. M. R. Balachandran Nair  ( President, Cochin IRIA)
About the programme: Dr. Rajesh Kannan  ( Academic co – ordinator)
Case presentation: Dr. Rebin Bose, Dr. Sandeep Sojan  ( SR. MOSC)
Introduction to team Radiology (MOSC): Dr. Rajeev Anand ( Prof & HOD)
Scientific Session: 
Our subspeciality based studies
Neuro  & Vascular Interventions: Dr. Jijo Joseph (Asst. Prof.) Guide : Dr. Anand M . ( Associate prof.)
Female /Fetal imaging and Interventions: Dr. Durllav J Dutta (SR.) Guide : Dr. Anu Sarah Easo (Asst. prof.)
MSK / Body imaging and Non vascular Interventions: Dr Arun Prasad (SR.) Guide : Dr. Rajeev Anand . ( Prof & HOD)
Technical talk: Bayer pharmaceuticals.
Vote of thanks: Dr. Mariam Eapen (Prof.)
Organization matters: Dr. Amel Antony (Vice president, IRIA)
Conclusion Remarks: Dr. Rijo Mathew (Secretary, State IRIA)
Event organized by Department of Radio Diagnosis MOSC Medical College, Ernakulam
&
Supported by BAYER Pharmaceuticals

Dr. Rajesh Kannan
Academic co – ordinator
IRIA Kochi

IRIA Kochi’s initiative for the Stem Cell Registry

IRIA Kochi’s initiative for the Stem Cell Registry to help those who are in need of Stem Cell Transplantation was held on 7th July at IMA House Kochi. 30 Radiologists and IMA members registered & gave buccal smear sample for this noble cause. Dr. Amel Antony, National IRIA Vice President inaugurated the registration by giving his buccal smear for HLA typing.
Dr. M. R. Balachandran Nair, President IRIA Kochi & Mr Deepu of DATRI spoke on the occasion.

 

IREP 2019 Kochi

IRIA RESIDENT EDUCATION PROGRAM KOCHI 2019

PROGRAM SCHEDULE

Venue: IMA House, Kochi, Date: 17/18th Aug 2019

Day 1: 17 Aug 2019 (Saturday)

8.00 am: Registration

8.30 am: Display of spotters

9.00 am: Normal anatomy and variants: chest and abdomen – Dr. Tara Pratap, MD, HOD, Radiodiagnosis, Lakeshore Hospital, Kochi

9.30 am: Normal anatomy of brain – Dr. Geena Benjamin, MD, HOD, Radiodiagnosis, Pushpagiri Institute of Medical Sciences, Tiruvalla.

10.00 am: Inauguration & Tea break

10.45 am: Interactive case discussion CNS – Dr. Gomathi Subramanian, MD,  HOD, Radiodiagnosis, Manjeri Medical College

11.45 am: Tips on Dissertation – Dr. Praveen Nirmalan, MD, MPH (John Hopkins), Chief Research Mentor, Ammaerf Research Foundation, Hyderabad & Kochi.

12.45 pm: Lunch break

1.30 pm: HRCT chest basic patterns – Dr. Babu Peter, MD

2.15 pm: Barium study – technique and applications – Dr. Lalendra Upreti, MD, Professor, University College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi & Chairman, ICRI

3.00 pm: Pearls of chest xray: Dr. Srikanth Moorthi, MD, HOD, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi

3.45 pm: Tea break

4.15 pm: Film reading session / Quiz – Dr. Shrinivas B. Desai, MD, Jaslok Hospital, Mumbai. National Resident Education, Coordinator.

Day 2: 18th Aug 2019 (Sunday):

8.00 am: Display of spotters

8.30 am: CT and MR contrast media – common questions PGs need to know : Dr. Rajesh Kannan, Asso. Prof, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi

9.15 am: How to read bone X-ray : case based review –Dr. Sreekumar K P, MD, Amrita Institute of Medical Sciences, Kochi

10.00 am: Structured reporting in Radiology – Dr. Rajat Jain, MD, DNB, FRCR, HOD, Radiology

Primus Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi.

10.45 am: Tea

11.15 am: Interactive case discussions: Abdomen – Dr. Lalendra Upreti, MD, Professor, University College of Medical Sciences, New Delhi & Chairman, ICRI

12.15 pm: Basics of interventional radiology & angio anatomy : Dr. Jeyadevan, MD, Prof. SCTIMST

1.00 pm: Lunch break

2.00 pm: Mock exam case presentations –

Dr. M. R. Balachandran Nair, HOD, Radiodiagnosis, Jubilee Mission Medical College, Trissur.

Dr. Amel Antony, MD, HOD Radiodiagnosis, Lisie Hospital, Kochi,

Dr. Rajat Jain, MD, DNB, FRCR, HOD, Radiology, Primus Super Specialty Hospital, New Delhi.

Dr. Rajeev Anand, MD, HOD, Radiodiagnosis, Malankara Orthodox Syrian Church Medical College, Kolenchery

4.00 pm: Feedback, Valedictory function

PTLD

59 years old male, known case of post renal transplant was brought to the hospital with complaints of abdominal mass and discomfort.
Tru cut biopsy from omental deposit- IHC results confirm Non Hodgkin Lymphoma – Diffuse large B cell Lymphoma- non GCB type.
He received RCHOP on 08-05-19. He developed grade 4 neutropenia, NADR Total count was 100cells/ mm3.
Patient managed conservatively with Broad spectrum Antibiotics & GCSF.
Posttransplant lymphoproliferative disorders (PTLDs) are a group of diseases that range from benign polyclonal to malignant monoclonal lymphoid proliferations. They arise secondary to treatment with immunosuppressive drugs given to prevent transplant rejection. Three main pathologic subsets/stages of evolution are recognised: early, polymorphic, and monomorphic lesions. The pathogenesis of PTLDs seems to be multifactorial-EBV is main one .Antigenic stimulation Plasmacytoid dendritic cells (PDCs) , regulatory T cells are other factors .Whilst most are high-grade B-cell non-Hodgkin’s lymphoma (NHLs), a few are classical Hodgkin’s lymphomas. Rare cases have also been shown to be either of T-cell or NK-cell lineage
PTLD has a broad range of manifestations with extranodal involvement more common in the abdo- men than nodal involvement. In the abdomen, extranodal PTLD is seen as organ involvement, such as hepatic portal masses and bowel wall thickening.3 The anatomic distri- bution of PTLD is influenced by the allograft itself, pref- erentially in the anatomic region of the transplanted organ or within the allograft. The abdominal cavity is the body compartment most frequently involved by PTLD, and seen in 50–75% of patients with PTLD following renal, liver or heart transplantation.PET has emerged as an important diagnostic tool in the management of lymphoma with its superior sensitivity to anatomical imaging, particularly for extranodal disease

Castle in Pelvis

Clinical presentation
30yr old female presented for routine third trimester antenatal scan at 37 weeks of gestation. An incidental 5X4cm sized left lower quadrant solid mass was detected in the maternal abdomen. With the differential diagnoses of solid ovarian/paraovarian mass a follow up USG was done in the post natal period, which showed increase in size of the lesion.
Subsequently she underwent MRI and it showed heterogeneously enhancing retroperitoneal mass lesion of size 7.5X5x5cm in left lower quadrant interposed between left common iliac artery and left psoas muscle. Lesion caused anteromedial displacement of distal segment of common iliac artery and splaying of internal / external iliac arteries. It was appearing iso to mildly hyperintense on T1WI, T2WI with evidence of intralesional flow voids and areas of central restricted diffusion. Uterus & ovaries appeared normal. There were no concomitant intra-abdominal masses or organomegaly. No other significantly enlarged lymph nodes were detected. Based on the imaging features, differential diagnostic possibilities of lymph nodal mass/paraganglioma / hemangiopericytoma / solitary fibrous tumor were considered.

Post contrast sagittal
Post contrast axial
ADC
Diffusion
Coronal T2W
Axial T2
Axial T2W
axial T1W

She underwent laparoscopic excision of the tumor and a 8X6x6cm sized lobulated mass was removed.
On histopathological examination, lymphnodal mass consistent with Castleman’s disease( hyaline vascular type ), was diagnosed.
{HPR – lymph node showing partially effaced architecture with preserved marginal sinuses. Scattered follicles showing onion skinning of the mantle zones and hyalinised atrophic germinal centres with predominance of follicular dendritic cells and “lolipop”shaped blood vessels were noted. The interfollicular areas are expandedand show hyalinised blood vessels. Foci ofdense hyaline fibrosis and calcification areseen.}
Discussion
Castleman disease otherwise known as angiofollicular or benign giant lymph node hyperplasia is an uncommon benign lymphoproliferative disorder. The first description about the constellation of pathological findings of the disease was by Dr. Benjamin Castleman in the 1950s (1).
Clinicoradiological subtypes include unicentric disease (UCD) and multicentric disease (MCD). Multicentric variant may be human herpes virus HHV- 8 associated or HHV-8 negative idiopathic (iMCD) form.
The histopathogenetic classification distinguishes hyaline vascular Castleman disease, plasma cell Castleman disease, human herpesvirus 8 (HHV-8)–associated Castleman disease, and multicentric Castleman disease not otherwise specified. (2)
Hyaline vascular Castleman disease represents 90% of the cases of Castleman disease. It is asymptomatic with a benign course and occurs most often in young adults, with a median age at diagnosis in the 3rd or 4th decade(3).HHV-8–associated Castleman disease is more aggressive, occurs predominantly in immunosuppressed / human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)–positive patients and manifests commonly with generalized lymphadenopathy, constitutional symptoms, and hematologic and/or immunologic abnormalities.(4)
Castleman disease occurs throughout the body. Of all cases of Castleman disease, approximately 70% occur in the chest, 15% in the neck, and 15% in the abdomen and pelvis, involving primarily lymphatic tissues. Extralymphatic sites of involvement include the lungs, larynx, parotid glands, pancreas, meninges, and muscles. (5)
Imaging features
Castleman disease is a great mimic.The classic CT appearance of hyaline vascular Castleman disease is that of a solitary enlarged lymph node or localized nodal masses that demonstrate homogeneous intense enhancement after contrast material administration. Three patterns of involvement have been described, including a solitary noninvasive mass, infiltrative mass with associated lymphadenopathy and matted lymphadenopathy without a dominant mass (6). Hyaline vascular Castleman disease can manifest as a mesenteric or retroperitoneal mass with mild contrast enhancement, with an imaging appearance mimicking retroperitoneal adenopathy and carcinoid tumor. Hyaline vascular Castleman disease has a considerable predilection for involvement of the thorax, where it typically manifests as an avidly enhancing mediastinal nodal mass. Mediastinal Castleman disease can mimic thymoma, lymphoma, sarcoma, hemangiopericytoma, neural crest derived neoplasms such as paraganglioma, neurofibroma, or schwannoma, and chest walltumors.Hilar Castleman disease may be confused with bronchial adenoma. Pleural Castleman disease is unusual and can manifest as a well-defined mass or with an associated pleural effusion. Pericardial Castleman disease can mimic a pericardial cyst.
Prominent feeding vessels in the close vicinity of a nodal mass are a clue to the diagnosis and are predominantly seen in hyaline vascular Castleman disease. Approximately 10% of the lesions have internal calcifications, which are characteristically coarse or demonstrate a distinctive branching pattern More commonly, nonspecific calcifications are observed. Central hypoattenuation in nodal masses is unusual but may be seen in few cases.
At magnetic resonance (MR) imaging, the lesions of hyaline vascular Castleman disease classically exhibit heterogeneous T1 and T2 hyperintensity compared with skeletal muscle Prominent flow voids may be seen, which identify the feeding vessels. MR imaging is well suited to depict the extent of disease and the relationship to adjacent structures, although evaluation of calcifications is limited.
Plasma cell Castleman disease typically demonstrates less avid enhancement after contrast administration compared with hyaline vascular Castleman disease, which makes the differentiation from reactive or neoplastic nodal involvement more difficult. Calcification is uncommon. Intralesional fibrosis and necrosis may lead to a heterogeneous appearance, especially in Plasma cell Castleman disease with lesions larger than 5 cm . The CT appearance of HHV-8–associated Castleman disease is often indistinguishable from that of plasma cell Castleman disease, although more severe systemic manifestations are generally observed.
Prognosis and treatment
Although Castleman disease was initially described as a benign localized lymphoproliferative disease, the systemic forms of Castleman disease especially are associated with an increased risk for related neoplasms of prognostic and therapeutic importance, including Kaposi sarcoma ,follicular dendritic cell tumors and non-Hodgkin lymphoma, predominantly the immunoblastic or plasmablastic B-cell lymphoma subtypes. Other associated lymphomas are Hodgkin disease and plasmacytoma (7).Hyaline vascular Castleman disease is associ-ated with follicular dendritic cell neoplasms, including dendritic cell sarcomas and vascular and stromal neoplasms. Paraneoplastic pemphigus is a debilitating chronic blistering mucocutaneous disease. The cutaneous findings may resemble those of lichen planus, pemphigus, erythema multiforme, or graft versus host disease . Para-neoplastic pemphigus is associated with occult neoplasms and Castleman disease and should be suspected in patients with treatment resistant erosive mucosal lesions).POEMS syndrome is characterized by poly-neuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, M protein, and skin changes and is a rare plasma cell disease with multisystem involvement .Between 11% and 30% of patients with POEMS syndrome have multicentric Castleman disease, most commonly the HHV-8–positive variant.
Unicentric hyaline vascular Castleman disease is often curable with surgery; treatment of multicentric Castleman disease may require steroid therapy, chemotherapy, antiviral medication, or the use of antiproliferative regimens.
References
1.Castleman B, Iverson L, Menendez VP. Localized mediastinallymphnode hyperplasia resembling thymoma. Cancer. 1956 Jul-Aug. 9(4):822-30. [Medline].
2.Cronin DM, Warnke RA. Castleman disease: an update on classification and the spectrum of associ-ated lesions. AdvAnatPathol 2009;16(4):236–246
3.Tey HL, Tang MB. A case of paraneoplasticpem-phigus associated with Castleman’s disease present-ing as erosive lichen planus. ClinExpDermatol 2009;34(8):e754–e756. Published July 29, 2009. Accessed October 3, 2010
4.Nicoli P, Familiari U, Bosa M, et al. HHV8-positive, HIV-negative multicentric Castleman’s disease: early and sustained complete remission with rituximab therapy without reactivation of Kaposi sarcoma. Int J Hematol 2009;90(3):392–396.
5.Johkoh T, Müller NL, Ichikado K, et al. Intrathoracic multicentric Castleman disease: CT findings in 12 patients. Radiology 1998;209(2):477–481.
6.McAdams HP, Rosado-de-Christenson M, Fishback NF, Templeton PA. Castleman disease of the thorax: radiologic features with clinical and histopathologic correlation. Radiology 1998;209(1):221–228.
7.Weisenburger DD, Nathwani BN, Winberg CD, Rappaport H. Multicentric angiofollicular lymph node hyperplasia: a clinicopathologic study of 16 cases. Hum Pathol 1985;16(2):162–172

Imaging of the Bursae

A rare cause of pancreatitis

An young lady presenting with recurrent episodes of pancreatitis

CT and MRI-MRCP was done

CT and MR images reveal the accessor pancreas anterior to D2 .

 

Accessory Pancreatic Lobe

The accessory pancreatic lobe, an extremely rare anomaly, is defined as an accessory lobe of pancreatic tissue originating from the main pancreatic gland and containing an aberrant duct  . The accessory lobe may be short or long, with a wide or narrow connection to the main portion of the pancreas. This anomaly is usually associated with a gastric duplication cyst and the aberrant duct communicates with the main pancreatic duct and the duplication cyst  Recurrent acute pancreatitis is the most common (66%) clinical manifestation of this anomaly. The underlying cause of recurrent acute pancreatitis is hypothesized to be obstruction of the pancreatic duct by viscous mucus secretions, ulcer bleeding or biliary sludge

Congenital Variants and Anomalies of the Pancreas and Pancreatic Duct: Imaging by Magnetic Resonance Cholangiopancreaticography and Multidetector Computed Tomography

Korean J Radiol. 2013 Nov-Dec; 14(6): 905–913.

Published online 2013 Nov 5. doi: 10.3348/kjr.2013.14.6.905

Focal testicular lesions: colour Doppler ultrasound, contrast-enhanced ultrasound and tissue elastography as adjuvants to the diagnosis

Central IRIA

Dr. Prof. K. Mohanan: National President 2018
Dr. Rijo Mathew: National Fetal Radiology Coordinator & Career Assurance program 2018/Incharge Samrakshan 2019 & Preventive Radiology coordinator 2022
Dr. S. Pradeep: Vice President 2019
Dr. C. Kesavadas: Joint Secretary 2018 & IJRI Editor 2021 – 23
Prof. Dr. M. R. Balachandran Nair: Trade committee 2018
Dr. Amel Antony: Vice President 2019 & ICRI Governing council member 2021 – 22
Dr. Ramesh S. Shenoy: E-Newsletter Editor 2018 to 22
Dr. Gomathy Subramanian: Coordinator Shakti 2022

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